Reported Speech
O reported speech representa o discurso indireto em inglês.
Utilizamos
essa forma quando vamos reproduzir a fala de outra pessoa, ou seja,
quando vamos reportar o que já foi dito por alguém.
Portanto, é muito empregado para narrar histórias e fatos que já aconteceram.
Exemplos:
Direct Speech (Discurso Direto): I am not feeling well. (Eu não estou me sentindo bem.)
Reported Speech (Discurso Indireto): He said that he wasn’t feeling well. (Ele disse que não estava se sentindo bem.)
Reported Speech (Discurso Indireto): He said that he wasn’t feeling well. (Ele disse que não estava se sentindo bem.)
Note que é possível relatar o que uma pessoa disse usando o discurso direto. Assim, transcreve-se o que foi dito.
Exemplo: He said: "I am not feeling well". (Ele disse: "Eu não estou me sentindo bem".)
No entanto, a ideia aqui é que você aprenda a utilizar o discurso indireto em inglês.
Regras de Formação
Para
que o discurso indireto siga as regras de formação corretas, é
importante estar atento aos tempos verbais. Isso porque ele irá mudar
dependendo de qual foi utilizado pelo falante.
- Present Simple → Past Simple
- Present Continuous → Past Continuous
- Present Perfect → Past Perfect
- Past Simple → Past Perfect
- Will → Would
- Am/Is/Are Going to → Was/Were Going to
| Direct Speech | Reported Speech |
|---|---|
| Present Simple → I like your new car. (Eu gosto do seu carro novo.) | Past Simple → He said (that) he liked my new car (Ele disse que gostou do meu carro novo.) |
| Present Continuous → I am getting married.(Eu vou me casar.) | Past Continuous → She said (that) she was getting married. (Ela disse que vai se casar.) |
| Present Perfect → We have bought the tickets. (Nós temos comprado os ingressos.) | Past Perfect → He said (that) they had bought the tickets. (Ele disse que eles tinham comprado os bilhetes.) |
| Past Simple → I missed the train. (Eu perdi o trem.) | Past Perfect → He said (that) he had missed the train. (Ele disse que ele tinha perdido o trem.) |
| Will → I will see you later. (Eu verei você mais tarde.) | Would → He said (that) he would see me later. (Ele disse que ele me veria mais tarde.) |
| Am/Is/Are Going to → I am going to join the class. (Eu estou indo me juntar a turma.) | Was/Were Going to → He said he was going to a class. (Ele disse que ele estava indo se juntar a turma.) |
Explicação
A partir dos exemplos acima, podemos notar que algumas palavras se alteram com o discurso indireto.
Se fossemos utilizar o discurso indireto no português para essa frase teríamos:
Eu comprei esse livro. (discurso direto)
Ela disse que comprou aquele livro. (discurso indireto)
Ela disse que comprou aquele livro. (discurso indireto)
A mesma coisa acontece no inglês:
I have bought this book. (Eu comprei esse livro) → She said she had bought that book. (Ela disse que ela tinha comprado aquele livro.)
Além
disso, alguns lugares, pronomes e indicações de tempo também podem ser
alterados com a passagem do discurso direto para o indireto.
Mudança de pronomes:
We are meeting at my house. (Eles estão se encontrando na minha casa.) → She said that they were meeting at her house. (Ela disse que eles estavam se encontrando na casa dela.)
Mudança de lugares:
I got here by train. (Eu cheguei aqui de trem.) → She said he had got there by train. (Ele disse que ele chegou lá de trem.)
Mudança do tempo:
I met him last night. (Conheci ele ontem à noite.) → She said she had met him the night before. (Ela disse que ela conheceu ele na noite anterior.)
Pay Attention!
Confira abaixo algumas mudanças nos pronomes, lugares e expressões de tempo utilizadas nos discursos indiretos em inglês.
- I (eu) → He/She (ele/ela)
- We (nós) → They (eles, elas)
- Me (mim) → Him, Her (ele/ela)
- This (este) → That (aquele)
- These (estes) → Those (aqueles)
- Here (aqui) → There (lá)
- Today (hoje) → Last day (aquele dia) / Yesterday (ontem)
- Toninght (hoje à noite) → Last night (noite passada)
- Tomorrow (amanhã) → The next day / The following day (o próximo dia / o dia seguinte)
- A year ago (uma ano atrás) → The year before (no ano anterior)
Say x Tell
O
"said" e o "told" são formas no passado que utilizamos no discurso
indireto. Embora ambos significam "disse", eles são usados em situações
diferentes.
- Say: quando nós dizemos algo para alguém, por exemplo: I said I knew that about my stress. (Eu disse que sabia sobre o meu stress).
- Tell: quando nós dizemos a alguém sobre algo e mencionamos com quem estamos falando. Nesse caso, faz se necessário o objeto (me, you, her, him, etc.), por exemplo: The profesor told me I was stressed. (O professor me disse que eu estava estressado).
Exercises
1.
(UFRS) Considere a frase: If you don’t feed your Tamagotchi, it will
die. Escolha a melhor opção para reescrevê-la, começando com
She told me that_________________
a) if I won’t feed my Tamagotchi, it would die.
b) if you didn’t feed your Tamagotchi, it had died.
c) if I didn’t feed my Tamagotchi, it would have died.
d) if I didn’t feed my Tamagotchi, it would die.
e) if you haven’t fed your Tamagotchi, it will have died.
b) if you didn’t feed your Tamagotchi, it had died.
c) if I didn’t feed my Tamagotchi, it would have died.
d) if I didn’t feed my Tamagotchi, it would die.
e) if you haven’t fed your Tamagotchi, it will have died.
Alternativa d) if I didn’t feed my Tamagotchi, it would die.
2.
(PUC-RJ) - The girl said to her parents, "Mom and Dad, the police were
here while you were gone." If we turned this sentence into Reported
Speech we would have:
The girl said to her parents that the police__________________
a) had been there while they had been gone.
b) had been here while they had gone.
c) have been there while they were gone.
d) have been here while they would be gone.
e) would have been there while they have been gone.
b) had been here while they had gone.
c) have been there while they were gone.
d) have been here while they would be gone.
e) would have been there while they have been gone.
Alternativa a) had been there while they had been gone.
3. (Mackenzie) They said, "Do parents know their kids?" in the Reported Speech would be:
a) They said that did parents know their kids?
b) They asked that parents know their kids.
c) They said that parents knew the kids.
d) They argued that do parents know their kids.
e) They asked if parents knew their kids.
b) They asked that parents know their kids.
c) They said that parents knew the kids.
d) They argued that do parents know their kids.
e) They asked if parents knew their kids.
Alternativa e: They asked if parents knew their kids.
4. (UFPB) Read this sentence:
He said that he____________ this trend toward reduced risk.
a) is happy they found
b) has been happy we have found
c) was happy they had found
d) will be happy we will find
e) would be happy they would find
b) has been happy we have found
c) was happy they had found
d) will be happy we will find
e) would be happy they would find
Alternativa c) was happy they had found
5.
(Fatec) - Considere a frase "It's a perfect setup for heart disease and
diabetes, says Stampfer." Assinale a alternativa em que a transposição
dessa frase para o discurso indireto está correta, completando a frase a
seguir.
Stampfer says ______________________________
a) it was a perfect setup for heart disease and diabetes.
b) it is a perfect setup for heart disease and diabetes.
c) it has been a perfect setup for heart disease and diabetes.
d) it had been a perfect setup for heart disease and diabetes.
e) it will be a perfect setup for heart disease and diabetes.
b) it is a perfect setup for heart disease and diabetes.
c) it has been a perfect setup for heart disease and diabetes.
d) it had been a perfect setup for heart disease and diabetes.
e) it will be a perfect setup for heart disease and diabetes.
Alternativa b) it is a perfect setup for heart disease and diabetes.
https://www.todamateria.com.br/reported-speech/
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